Efeito da suplementação de β-alanina em atletas, praticantes de atividade física e sedentários
Resumo
O objetivo foi investigar, por revisão sistemática da literatura, os efeitos da suplementação de β-alanina, no desempenho de atletas, praticantes de atividade física e sedentários, em exercícios de alta intensidade. No levantamento bibliográfico, foram utilizados os bancos de dados PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus e Cochrane. Foram selecionados 15 artigos originais, publicados em oito países, envolvendo 118 atletas do sexo masculino, de cinco modalidades esportivas, e 213 praticantes de atividades físicas e sedentários, de ambos os sexos, com faixa etária de 21 a 29,2 anos, e ainda 44 idosos de 64 a 72,8 anos, de ambos os sexos. Esses sujeitos receberam suplementação de 2 a 6,4 g diárias de β-alanina, durante quatro a doze semanas. Os artigos revisadosmostraram que a suplementação de β-alanina exerceu efeito benéfico para atletas no retardo da fadiga muscular, aumento de potência e força muscular, durante exercícios de alta intensidade, enquanto que para os não-atletas o principal resultado encontrado foi o retardo da fadiga. Esses resultados foram atribuídos ao incremento de carnosina muscular, decorrente da administração de β-alanina, entretanto apenas três estudos avaliaram este conteúdo diretamente, confirmando esta hipótese. Não foram observados efeitos colaterais com a suplementação de β-alanina, nas doses administradas. Conclui-se que a suplementação de β-alanina pode ser eficaz na melhora da performancede atletas, aumento da capacidade física de praticantes de atividades físicas e sedentários, incluindo os idosos.
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