Cardiovascular responses to maximal effort: vasodilator and hypotensive effects
Abstract
Cardiovascular responses to resistance exercises are well documented in the literature, however the responses to these variables are still scarce when talking about exercise performed in an isokinetic dynamometer. Purpose: To evaluate the acute cardiovascular responses in a maximal effort isokinetic exercise with a brief review of the interfering vasodilator and hypotensive mechanisms. Methods: Subjects (N=15) (men, 22.5 ± 1.7 yr, 74.3 ± 6 kg, mean ± SD) performed three unilateral sets of extension and knee flexion in an isokinetic dynamometer under an angular velocity of 180°/second. The first series had a duration of 45 seconds, the second 30 seconds and the third 15 seconds, all performed in maximum effort and with two minutes of rest between the sets. Results: A significant change in the heart rate in the recovery phase, showing values well above the rest (p=0.0012), even after ten minutes of post–exercise monitoring. Diastolic blood pressure presented a significant difference (p=0.0426) in relation to rest, highlighting hypotension. Conclusions: Such a pressure drop in the recovery phase makes it possible to say that there was an isolated diastolic hypotensive response to the applied effort and that the high heart rate at this stage was to maintain the cardiac output by increasing the venous return. The situation was physiologically explained through the cardiovascular mechanisms, which have neural, hypotensive and vasodilators interferences.
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