Analysis of the influence of training sessions in conditions of intermittent normobic hypoxia and normoxy on hematological parameters and aerobic fitness

Abstract

Hypoxia training is based on decreasing the amount of oxygen available in the tissues, which is performed at high altitudes. In order to simulate this method, masks are being used during training. Based on this, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of training sessions on intermittent normobaric and normoxic hypoxia on hematological parameters and aerobic fitness. This is a field study, characterized as experimental pre-and post-test, longitudinal cut, interventionist-descriptive nature with quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 18 men, related by adhesion, randomly distributed in three groups, in which they were submitted to the aerobic aptitude test and blood count before and after the training sessions with mask. The treatment consisted of 12 sessions, 15% oxygen concentration (30 min / day, 3x / wk). Statistical analyzes, performed by Student's t-test for paired samples (p<0,05), showed a significant decrease in the SpO₂, Hb, HCM and CHCM values ​​(p<0,05) of the TCM group. No changes in HR and max VO₂ were observed after training sessions. However, there was a significant increase in running distance in the post-test group TCM (p<0,05). It was concluded that the THNI, in the dosage applied in this investigation, was effective to favor performance increase, despite the significant reduction in hematological and SpO₂ values. The result in hypoxia states that the method used here needs to be investigated taking into account other variables that may be influenced by this type of training.