Psychophysiological effects of ischemic preconditioning in mountain bikers
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning is a technique that uses brief moments of ischemia followed by reperfusion. Some evidence suggests benefits in sports performance, but the results are controversial due to methodological differences. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of ischemic preconditioning applied 45 minutes before a submaximal time-to-exhaustion test in Mountain Bike practitioners. The study was conducted with healthy male participants, aged 36.9 ± 8.1 years, with training experience. Two interventions were performed, a true ischemic preconditioning protocol (PCI) and a sham protocol (SHAM) used as a control, both with occlusion and reperfusion periods of 5 minutes. Participants performed time-to-exhaustion tests with a load corresponding to 75% of peak power. The results showed that the variables TTE, FC6min, and RMSSD did not show differences. However, the HRV indices: Mean RR 6min and LF/HF showed significant differences, with a considerable effect size for LF/HF (p=0.021 and g=-1.33, 95% CI -2.13 to -0.24). Regarding the perceived exertion scale (PSE), it was observed that most participants rated their effort lower on the scale after the application of PCI, compared to those who indicated higher or equal effort. It is concluded that performing ischemic preconditioning before a submaximal test may reduce PSE and influence autonomic nervous system responses. These findings may have relevant implications for sports performance, although further research is needed to fully elucidate the effects of this technique.
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