The importance of the physical exercise during the gestation process
Abstract
Clearly the importance of exercise during pregnancy, where many benefits are offered to pregnant women's health before and after pregnancy, thus avoiding many discomforts during this process. Through an exploratory study, a brief review was made in several journals from the years 1990 to 2010 in the following databases: Scielo (VHL) Virtual Health Library, PubMed to identify studies that prove the effectiveness of physical exercise during pregnancy. Several studies have shown the importance of exercise on the health of the mother and the fetus, due to the minimizationof the discomfort offered by physiological changes and physical discomfort are among these functional changes due to the weight increase of pregnant women. It is noteworthy that some exercise is contraindicated during this period and must pay attention tocare and recommendations to be followed by pregnant women not to undermine the development of the fetus. It can be concluded that physical exercise is of extreme importance in this period from conception to birth in minimizing those discomforts that pregnancy provides due to physiological and physical. There are several benefits to health of pregnant women in pre-and post-partum, where recovery becomes faster.
References
-ACOG (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists). Exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Am Col Obstet Gynecol. Vol. 99. 2002. p. 171-173.
-ACSM. Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforço e sua prescrição. 6ªed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2003.
-Artal, R.; O’toole, M. Guidelines of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists for exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Br J Sports Med. Vol. 37. 2003. p. 6-12.
-Artal, R.; Wiswell, R.A.;Drinkwater, B.L. O exercício na gravidez. São Paulo: Manole, 1999.
-Bagnara, I.C. Prescrição de exercícios físicos para gestantes: cuidados e recomendações. Revista Digital, Buenos Aires. Vol. 15. Num. 149. 2010.
-Bates, A.; Hanson, N. Exercícios aquáticos terapêuticos. 1ª ed. São Paulo: Manole, 1998.
-Batista, D.C.; Chiara, V.L.; Gugelmin, S.A.; Martins, P.D. Atividade física e gestação: saúde da gestante não atleta e crescimento fetal. Revista Brasileira Saúde Materno Infantil. Vol. 3. Num. 2. 2003. p. 151-158.
-Bennell, K. The female athlete. In: Brukner, P., Khan, K.Clinical sports medicine. 2ª ed. Austrália, McGraw-Hill, 2001.
-Borg-Stein, J.; Dugan, S.A.; Gruber, J. Musculoskeletal aspects of pregnancy. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. Vol. 84. 2005. p. 180-192.
-Butte, N.F. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in pregnancy: normal compared with gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Clin Nutr. Vol. 71. Num. 5. 2000. p. 1256-1261.
-Brum, P.C.; Forjaz, C.L.M.; Tinucci, T.; Negrão, C.E. Adaptações agudas e crônicas do exercício físico no sistema cardiovascular. Revista paulista Educação Física, São Paulo, Vol. 18. 2004. p. 21-31.
-Chistófalo, C.; Martins, A.J.; Tumelero, S.A prática de exercício físico durante o período de gestação. Revista Digital, Buenos Aires. Vol. 9. Num. 59. 2003.
-Clapp, J.F.; Kim, H.; Burciu, B.; Lopez, B. Begining regular exercise in early pregnancy: effect on fetoplacental growth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Num. 183. 2000. p. 1484-1488.
-Garshasbi, A.; Faghih Zadeh, S. The effect of exercise on the intensity of low back pain in pregnant women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. Vol. 88. 2005. p. 271-275.
-Hanlon, T.W. Ginástica para Gestantes: O Guia Oficial da YMCA para Exercícios pré-natais. Manole, 1999.
-Hartmann, S.; Bung, P. Physical exercise during pregnancy: physiological considerations and recommendations. J Perinat Med. Vol. 27. 1999. p. 204-215.
-Heenan, A.P.; Wolfe, L.A.; Davies, G.A. Maximal exercise testing in late gestation: maternal responses. Obstet Gynecol. Vol. 97. 2001. p. 127-134.
-Hatch, M.C.; Shu, X.O.; Mclean, D.E. Maternal exercise during pregnancy, physical fitness, and fetal growth. Am J Epidemiol. Vol. 137. 1993. p. 1105-1114.
-Kardel, R.K.; Kase, T. Training in pregnant women: effects on fetal development and birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Vol. 178. 1998. p. 280-286.
-Katz, V.L.; Mcmurray, R.; Cefalo, R.C. Exercício aquático durante a gravidez. In: Artal, R., Wiswell, R., Drinkwater, B. O Exercício na Gravidez. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Manole; 1999.
-Kramer, M.S. Regular aerobic exercise during pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. CD000180, 2000.
-Lederman, A.S.; Paxton, A.; Heymsfield, S.B.; Wang, J.; Thornton, J.; Pierson, R.N. Body fat and water changes during pregnancy in women with different body weight and weight gain. Obstet Gynecol. v. 90, p. 483-8, 1997.
-Lindsay, C.A.; Huston, L.; Amini, S.B.; Catalano, P.M. Longitudinal changes in the relationship between body mass index and percent body fat in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. Vol. 89. 1997. p. 377-382.
-Lima, F.R.; Oliveira, N. Gravidez e exercício. Revista Brasileira Reumatologia. Vol. 45. Num. 3. 2005. p. 188-190.
-Mittelmark, R.A.; Dorey, F.J.; Kirschbaum, T.H. Effect of maternal exercise on pregnancy outcome. In: Exercise in pregnancy. 2ª ed. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1991.
-Oliveira, R.J. Saúde e atividade física. Rio de Janeiro: Shape, 2005.
-Powers, S.K.; Howley, E.T. Fisiologia do exercício: teoria e aplicação ao condicionamento e ao desempenho. 3ª ed. Barueri: Manole, 2000.
-Prevedel, T.T.S.; Calderon, I.M.P.; De Conti, M.H.; Consonni, E.B.; Rudge, M.V.C. Repercussões Maternas e Perinatais da Hidroterapia na Gravidez. RBGO. Vol. 25. Num. 1. 2003.
-Ramos, A.T. Atividade Física: Diabéticos, Gestantes, Terceira Idade, Crianças, Obesos. 3ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Sprint, 2002.
-Rössner, S. Physical activity and prevention and treatment of weight gain associated with pregnancy: current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Vol. 31. 1999. p. 560-563, 1999.
-Schramm, W.F.; Stockbauer, J.W.; Hofman, H.J. Exercise, employmente, other daily activities, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Am J Epidemiol. Vol. 143. 1996. p. 211-218.
-SMA (Sports Medicine Australia) Statement. The benefits and risks of exercise during pregnancy. J Sci Med Sport. Vol. 5. 2002. p. 11-19.
-Takito, M.Y.; Neri, L.C.L.; Benício, M.H.D. Avaliação da Reprodutibilidade e Validade de Questionário de Atividade Física para Gestantes. Revista Brasileira Medicina Esporte. Vol. 14. Num. 2. 2008.
-Wilmore, J.H.; Costill, D.L. Fisiologia do esporte e do exercício. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Manole, 2001.
-Wolfe, L.A.; Preston, R.J.; Burggraf, G.W.; Mcgrath, M.J. Effects of pregnancy andchronic exercise on maternal cardiac structure and function. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. Vol. 77. 1999. p. 909-917.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License BY-NC which allows the sharing of the work with acknowledgment of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to enter into additional contracts separately for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publishing in institutional repository or book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can bring about productive change as well as increase impact and impact. citation of published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
