Effects of physical exercise in low back pain
Abstract
Introduction: The Low back pain affects about 80% of the population, generating an enormous socioeconomic impact totaling billion of dollars annually. The muscles have an important role in stabilizing the spine and most of these changes haveimproved with the introduction of physical treatment. Objective: Investigate the effects of exercise in the treatment of low back pain by means of literature review. Literature Review: Several physiological changes are found in low back pain, especially in muscles. The most common are decreased muscle activity, lack of strength, flexibility, endurance and proprioception, and atrophy of certain muscles. Among the types of exercise used, we observed a wide variety of disciplines including endurance exercises, strength, water exercises, Swiss Ball, among others. The results were the reduction of pain and disability, improve quality of life, improvement in isometric strength and endurance of paraspinal muscles. Conclusion: With the variety of type, intensity, frequency and duration found, there is still uncertainty about how best to approach. The most effective strategy seems to be individual programs, which can be considered clinically important, but limited to the practice of research, because of the difficulty of controlling variables.
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