Overtraining, heart rate variability and sports: A brief review

  • Gerson dos Santos Leite Professor colaborador no Mestrado e Doutorado em Ciências da Reabilitação da Uninoá
  • Daniel Pereira do Amaral Bolsista de Iniciação Cientí­fica na Universidade Nove de Julho - Uninove
  • Felipe Fedrizzi Donatto Doutorando pelo Laboratório de Metabolismo de Lipí­dios, Grupo de Biologia Molecular do Câncer, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo
  • Christiano Bertoldo Urtado Doutorando pela Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, CIPED, Universidade Estadual de Campinas
  • Rogério Brandão Wichi Professor Doutor na Universidade Federal de Sergipe
  • Luciana Maria Malosá Sampaio Professora Doutora no Mestrado e Doutorado em Ciências da Reabilitação da Uninoá
Keywords: Overtraining, Heart rate variability, High performance sport, Autonomic nervous system

Abstract

This article presents as main objective a review about overtraining related to changes in heart rate variability in high performance athletes. The search included the documentary analysis, via the internet, of the publications contained in Pubmed and Google Scholar, submit articles related to the keyword "overtraining", specifically those related to heart rate variability thematic in high performance athletes. Few works have been found in the search. Work related to keywords, dominate the experimental models in its entirety and the longitudinal epidemiological characteristic shape as a principal. There is also, the predominance of aerobic and cyclic sports use in determining the State of overtraining to athletes associated with changes in heart rate variability. In this way, there seems to be a relationship ofthe change in heart rate variability with overtraining, but further studies are needed to confirm this relationship, especially in non-cyclical as the team sports.

References

-Achten, J.; Jeukendrup, A.E. Heart rate monitoring: applications and limitations, Sports Medicine, Vol. 33, Núm. 7, p. 517-538, 2003.

-Aubert, A.E.; Seps, B.; Beckers, F. Heart Rate Variability in Athletes, Sports Med, Vol. 33, Núm. 12, p. 889-919, 2003.

-Blásquez, J.C.C.; Font, G.R.; Ortís, L.C. Heart-rate variability and precompetitive anxiety in swimmers, Psicothema, Vol. 21, Núm. 4, p. 531-536, 2009.

-Booth, C.K.; Probert, B.; Forbes-Ewan, C.;Coad, R.A. Australian army recruits in training display symptoms of overtraining, Military Medicine, Vol. 171, Núm. 11, p. 1059, 2006.

-Borresen, J.; Lambert, M.I. Autonomic control of heart rateduring and after exercise -measurements and implications for monitoring training status, Sports Medicine, Vol. 36, Núm. 8, p. 633-646, 2008.

-Bosquet, L,; e colaboradores. Is heart rate a convenient tool to monitor overreaching? A systematic review of the literature. Br J Sports Med, Vol. 42, p. 709-714, 2008.

-Bosquet, L.; Leger, L..; Legros, P. Blood lactate response to overtraining in male athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol, Vol. 84, p. 107-114, 2001.

-Coutts, A.J.; Wallace, L.K.; Slattery, K.M. Monitoring changes in performance, physiology, biochemistry, and psychology during overreaching and recovery in triathletes. International Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol. 28, p. 125-134, 2007.

-Davis, J.M. Central and peripheral factors in fatigue. J Sports Sci; Vol. 13. p. S49-S53, 1995.

-Earnest, C.P.; e colaboradores. Relation between physical exertion and heart rate variability characteristics in professional cyclists during the Tour of Spain. Br J Sports Med, Vol. 38, p. 568-575, 2004.

-Figueroa, A.; e colaboradores. Resistance exercise training improves heart rate variabilityin women with fibromyalgia, Clin Physiol Funct Imaging, Vol. 28, p. 49-54, 2008.

-Foster, C. Monitoring training in athletes with reference to overtraining syndrome. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Vol. 30, Núm. 7, p. 1164-1168, 1998.

-Halson, S.L.; Jeukendrup, A.E. Does Overtraining Exist? An analysis of overreaching and overtraining research. Sports Med. Vol. 34. Núm. 14. p. 967-981, 2004.

-Hedelin, R.; e colaboradores. Short-term overtraining: effects on performance, circulatory responses, and heart rate variability. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. Vol. 32, Núm. 8, p. 1480-1484, 2000.

-Iellamo, F.; e colaboradores. Conversion from vagal to sympathetic predominance with strenuous training in high-performance world class athletes. Circulation, Vol. 105, p. 2719-2724, 2002.

-Kenttä, G.; Hassmén, P. Overtraining and recovery -a conceptual model. Sports Medicine, Vol. 26, Núm. 1, p. 1-16, 1998.

-Kreider, R.B. Central fatigue hypothesis and overtraining. In: Kreider,R.B, Fry,A.C.O’Toole ML,eds. Overtraining in sport. London:Human Kinects, 1998. p. 309-34.

-Lehmann, M.; e colaboradores. Training-overtraining: performance and hormonal levels after a defined increase in training volume vs. intensity in experienced middle and long-distance runners. Br J Sports Med, Vol. 26, p. 233-242, 1992.

-Lehmann, M.; e colaboradores. Physiological responses to short-and long-term overtraining in endurance athletes. In: Kreider, R.B.; Fry, A.C.; O ́tolle, M.L. Overtraining in Sport, Champaign: Human Kinetics, 1998.

-Leite, G.S.; e colaboradores. Analysisof Knowledge Production about Overtraining Associated with Heart Rate Variability. JEPonline; Vol. 15, Núm. 2, p. 20-29, 2012.

-Leite, G.S.; Borin, J.P.; Padovani, C.R. Effectiveness of the monitoring the training for the subjective perception of tiredness and performance in basketball players. In: Book of Abstract the 14th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, Oslo, 2009.

-Mackinnon, L.T. Overtraining effects on immunity and performance in athletes. Immunology and Cell Biology, Vol. 78, p. 502–509, 2000.

-Morgan, W.P.; Brown, D.R.; Raglin, J.S.; O'Connor, P.J.; Ellickson, K.A. Psychological monitoring of overtraining and staleness. Brit J Sports Med, Vol. 21, Núm. 3, p. 107-114, 1987.

-Mourot, L.; e colaboradores. Decrease in heart rate variability with overtraining: assessment by the Poincaré plot analysis. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging, Vol. 24, Núm. 1, p. 10-8, 2004.

-Mujika, I.; Padilla, S. Scientific Bases for Precompetition Tapering Strategies. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 35, Núm. 7, pp. 1182-1187, 2003.

-Mujika, I.; Padilla, S.; Pyne, D.; Busso, T. Physiological changes associated with the pre-event taper in athletes. Sports Medicine, Vol. 34, Núm. 13, p. 891-927, 2004.

-Nederhof, E.; e colaboradores. Psychomotor speed: possibly a new marker for overtraining syndrome.Sports Medicine; Vol. 36, Núm.10, p. 817-28, 2006.

-Palmeira, M.V. Influência do sistema nervoso autônomo nas alterações cardiovasculares e metabólicas de surfistas profissionais. Dissertação de Mestrado em Educação Física. Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, 2007.

-Petibois, C.; Cazorla, G.; Poortmans, J.R.; Déléris, G. Biochemical aspects of overtraining in endurance sports. Sports Medicine, Vol. 32, Núm. 13, p. 867-878, 2002.

-Schmikli, S.L.; e colaboradores. Can we detect non-functional overreaching in young elite soccer players and middle-long distance runners using field performance tests? Br J Sports Med, p. 1-6, 2010.

-Smith, D.J. A framework for understanding the training process leading to elite performance, Sports Medicine, Vol. 33, Núm. 15, p. 1103-1126, 2003.

-Smith, L.L. Overtraining, excessive exercise, and altered immunity, Sports Medicine, Vol. 33, Núm. 5, p. 347-364, 2003.

-Task Force -Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Circulation, Vol. 93, Núm. 5, p. 1043-1065, 1996.

-Urhausen, A.; Kindermann, W. Diagnosis of Overtraining: What Tools Do We Have? Sports Med. Vol. 32. Núm. 2. p. 95-102, 2002.

-Vanderlei, L.C.M. Comparison of the Polar S810i monitor and the ECG for the analysis of heart rate variability in the time and frequency domains. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, Vol. 41, p. 854-859, 2008.

-Vanderlei, L.C.M.; e colaboradores. Noções básicas de variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e sua aplicabilidade clínica. Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc, Vol. 24, Núm. 2, p. 205-217, 2009.

-Vinet, A.; e colaboadores. Effect of intensive training on heart rate variability in prepubertal swimmers. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, Vol. 35, p. 610-614, 2005.

-Walberg-Ranking, J. Dietary carbohydrate as an ergogenic aid for prolonged and brief competition in sport. Int J Sport Nutr. Vol. 5. p. S13-S28, 1995.

-Wilmore, J.H.; Costill, D.L.; Kenney, W.L. Fisiologia do Esporte e do Exercício. Barueri. Manole, 2010.

Published
2012-05-17
How to Cite
Leite, G. dos S., Amaral, D. P. do, Donatto, F. F., Urtado, C. B., Wichi, R. B., & Sampaio, L. M. M. (2012). Overtraining, heart rate variability and sports: A brief review. Brazilian Journal of Exercise Prescription and Physiology, 6(33). Retrieved from https://www.rbpfex.com.br/index.php/rbpfex/article/view/413
Section
Scientific Articles - Original