Acute changes induced by cycling competition in enzymatic and immunological biomarkers
Abstract
Cycling is an aerobic long term sport with moments of high intensity and considerable time at the anaerobic threshold. It is established that intensive and/or long term efforts cause changes in enzymatic and immunological biomarkers, thus was investigated whether a cycling competition at the national level (schedule at Brazilian Cycling Federation calendar) causes significant changes in the enzymes creatine-kinase (CK) aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) and alanine-aminotransferase (ALT), and immunological behavior. Participated 20 trained cyclists and accustomed to competitions (35 ± 7.9 years, 25.4 ± 2.59 kg/m2body mass index, 18.7 ± 4.12% of body fat). Two venous blood (pre-and post-competition) were performed. The athletes had a mean lactate concentration after the competition of 5.2 ± 2.4 mMol. Enzymes were significant (p < 0.05) after competition (CK 176 ± 57.4 : 216 ± 59.8 U/L, p = 0,0001; AST 21 ± 7.7 : 26 ± 7.7 U/L, p = 0,0001; ALT 17.7 ± 6.7 22 ± 7.4 U/L, p = 0,0001) and thefollowing immunological populations: leukocytes (1302.1 ± 4950 : 5900 ± 2395 mm3, p = 0,0001; ), neutrophils (2928 ± 108,3 : 5104 ± 270.5 mm3, p = 0,03) and lymphocytes (1763 ± 409.3 : 2832 ± 725.5 mm3, p = 0,0001). The results indicate that competition from national level causes significant changes in plasma muscle enzymes and immunological behavior.
References
-Abbas, A.K.; Lichtman, A.H.; Pillai S. Imunologia celular e molecular. Rio de Janeiro. Elsevier. 2008. p. 560.
-Bandeira, F.; Moura, M.A.M.; Souza, M.A.; Nohama, P.; Neves, E.B. Pode a termografia auxiliar no diagnóstico de lesões musculares em atletas de futebol? Rev Bras Med Esporte. Vol. 18. Núm. 4. 2012. p. 246-51.
-Borges, G.F.; Rama, L.M.P.L.; Teixeira, A.M.M.B. Modelos sobre a relação entre o exercício físico e o risco de infecções do trato respiratório superior. R. Ci. med. biol. Vol. 11. Núm. 3. 2012. p. 322-5.
-Brunelli, D.T.; Bonganha, V.; Cavaglieri, C.R. Efeito benéfico do exercício físico recreacional na susceptibilidade de infecções do trato respiratório superior. Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde. Vol. 16. Núm. 3. 2011. p. 211-6.
-Ferreira, B.E. Ciclismo: do atleta iniciante ao competitivo. Campo Grande. Appostolos. 2014. p. 235.
-Guareschi, R. R.; Pereira, R.F.; Alves, J.C.C. Avaliação sérica da enzima creatina quinase em jogadores de futebol profissional do interior paulista antes e depois da pré-temporada. Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício. São Paulo. Vol. 7. Núm. 42. 2013. 483-488.
-Martins, F.S.B.; Santos, J.A.R. Alterações agudas induzidas por uma prova de triathlon longo em diferentes biomarcadores anzimáticos e da função imune. Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício. São Paulo. Vol. 11. Núm. 1. 2012. p7-12.
-Martínez, A.C.; Alvarez-Mon, M. O sistema imunológico (I): Conceitos gerais, adaptação ao exercício físico e implicações clínicas. Rev Bras Med Esporte. Vol. 5. Núm. 3. 1999. p. 120-5.
-Mena, P.; Maynar, M.; Campillo, J.E. Changes in plasma enzyme activities in professional racing cyclists. Br J Med. Vol. 30. 1996. p. 122-4.
-Ramallo, B.T; Foschini, D.; Prestes, J.; Charro, M.; Lopes, C.R.; Evangelista, A. L.; Mota, G.R. Magnitude do dano muscular induzido pelo exercício em mulheres treinadas e destreinadas. Revista Brasileira de Prescrição e Fisiologia do Exercício. São Paulo. Vol. 7. Núm. 40. 2013. p398-405.
-Rincón, E.O.; Marchena, J.M.; García, J.J.; Schmidt, A.; Schulz, T.; Malpica, I.; Rodrígues, A.B.; Barriga, C.; Michna, H.; Lotzerich, H. Phagocytic function in cyclists: correlation with catecholamines and cortisol. J Appl Physiol. Vol. 91. 2001. p. 1067-72.
-Stewart, I.B.; Warburton, D.E.R.; Hodges, A.N.H.; Lyster, D.M.; McKenzie, D.C. Cardiovascular and splenic response to exercise in humans. J Appl Physiol. Vol. 94. 2003. p. 1619-26.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License BY-NC which allows the sharing of the work with acknowledgment of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to enter into additional contracts separately for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publishing in institutional repository or book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can bring about productive change as well as increase impact and impact. citation of published work (See The Effect of Free Access).