Periodización por bloques: efectos sobre la producción de potencia durante los sprints máximos en ciclistas entrenados

  • Fernando Klizke Borszcz Laboratório de Pesquisas em Desempenho Humano (LAPEDH), Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis-SC, Brasil.
  • Artur Ferreira Tramontin Laboratório de Pesquisas em Desempenho Humano (LAPEDH), Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis-SC, Brasil.
Palabras clave: Ciclismo, Rendimiento deportivo, Atletas

Resumen

Objetivo: verificar el efecto sobre la medición de la potencia durante un bloque concentrado de entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad a través de sprints máximos en ciclistas entrenados. Métodos: 10 ciclistas entrenados (VO2max 61 ± 5 ml/Kg/min; 33 ± 11 años; 177 ± 5 cm; 75 ± 6 kg) inicialmente realizaron un test incremental, luego realizaron 7 días consecutivos de entrenamiento interválico de sprint total Las sesiones de entrenamiento consistieron en 10 series de 3 sprints de 15, 30 y 45 segundos separados por descansos en una proporción de 1:5. La medición de potencia de las sesiones de entrenamiento se midió los días 1, 4 y 7. Resultados: a lo largo de la semana no hubo diferencia en las potencias media (PM) y pico (PP) entre los días 1, 4 y 7 (p < 0). .05). Durante todas las sesiones, el PM y el PP de los sprints de 15 segundos fueron significativamente más altos que los de los sprints de 30 segundos (p = 0,03) y los de 45 segundos (p < 0,0001), pero no hubo diferencia entre los sprints de 30 segundos. segundos y sprints de 45 segundos segundos. Para las diez series de sprints, las 2 primeras series fueron superiores a las demás para el PP (p = 0,03), para el PM las 3 series iniciales fueron superiores a las demás (p = 0,03). Conclusión: este estudio demostró que durante 7 días consecutivos de entrenamiento intenso a través de sprints máximos no hubo cambios significativos en la producción de potencia durante las sesiones de entrenamiento.

Biografía del autor/a

Fernando Klizke Borszcz, Laboratório de Pesquisas em Desempenho Humano (LAPEDH), Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis-SC, Brasil.

Mestrando em Ciências do Moviento Humano

Laboratório de Pesquisas em Desempenho Humano 

Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte

Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina

Artur Ferreira Tramontin, Laboratório de Pesquisas em Desempenho Humano (LAPEDH), Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis-SC, Brasil.

Mestrando em Ciências do Moviento Humano

Laboratório de Pesquisas em Desempenho Humano 

Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte

Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina

Citas

-Aubry, A.; Hausswirth, C.; Louis, J.; Coutts, A. J.; Le Meur, Y. Functional Overreaching: The Key to Peak Performance during the Taper? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Vol. 46. Num. 9. 2014. p. 1769-1777.

-Billaut, F.; Bishop, D. J.; Schaerz, S.; Noakes, T. D. Influence of knowledge of sprint number on pacing during repeated-sprint exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Vol. 43. Num. 4. 2011. p. 665-672.

-Billat, V. L. Interval training for performance: A scientific and empirical practice special recommendations for middle-and long-distance running. partI: aerobic interval training. Sports Medicine. Vol. 31. Num. 1. 2001. p. 13-31.

-Breil, F. A.; Weber, S. N.; Koller, S.; Hoppeler, H.; Vogt, M. Block training periodization in alpine skiing: effects of 11-day HIT on VO2max and performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 109. Num. 6. 2010. p. 1077-1086.

-Burgomaster, K. A.; Hughes, S. C.; Heigenhauser, G. J.; Bradwell, S. N.; Gibala, M. J. Six sessions of sprint interval training increases muscle oxidative potential and cycle endurance capacity in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 98. Num. 6. 2005. p. 1985-1990.

-Chapman, A. R.; Vicenzino, B.; Blanch, P.; Hodges, P. W. Patterns of leg muscle recruitment vary between novice and highly trained cyclists. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. Vol. 18. Num. 3. 2008. p. 359-371.

-Clark, B.; Costa, V. P.; O'Brien, B. J.; Guglielmo, L. G.; Paton, C. D. Effects of a seven day overload-period of high-intensity training on performance and physiology of competitive cyclists. PLoS One. Vol. 9. Num. 12. 2014. p. e115308.

-Costa, V. P.; de Lucas, R. D.; Souza, K. M.; Guglielmo, L. G. A. Efeitos do treinamento intervalado em variáveis fisiológicas e na performance de ciclistas competitivos. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte. Vol. 7. Num. 2. 2014. p. 83-89.

-Costa, V. P.; Guglielmo, L. G. A.; Paton, C. D. Reproducibility and validity of the PowerCal device for estimating power output during sprints in well-trained cyclists. Isokineticsand Exercise Science. Vol. 23. 2015. p. 127-132.

-Glaister, M.; Stone, M.H.; Stewart, A.M.; Hughes, M.; Moir, G. L. The influence of recovery duration on multiple sprint cycling performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. Vol. 19. Num. 4. 2005. p. 831-837.

-Gaitanos, G.; Williams, C.; Boobis, L. H.; Brooks, S. Human muscle metabolism during intermittent maximal exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 75. Num. 2. 1993. p. 712-719.

-Gastin, P. B. Energy system interaction andrelative contribution during maximal exercise. Sports Medicine. Vol. 31. Num. 10. 2001. p. 725-741.

-Golden, C. L.; Dudley, G. A. Strength after bouts of eccentric or concentric actions. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Vol. 24. Num. 8. 1992. p. 926-933.

-Halson, S. L.; Bridge, M. W.; Meeusen, R.; Busschaert, B.; Gleeson, M.; Jones, D. A.; Jeulendrup, A. E. Time course of performance changes and fatigue markers during intensified training in trained cyclists. Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 93. 2002. p. 947-956.

-Hargreaves, M.; Spriet, L. Exercise Metabolism. Champaign IL: Human Kinetics, 2006.

-Issurin, V. B. New horizons for the methodology and physiology of training periodization. Sports Medicine. Vol. 40. Num. 3. 2010. p. 189-206.

-Jeukendrup, A. E.; Hesselink, M. K.; Snyder, A. C.; Kuipers, H.; Keizer, H. A. Physiological changes in male competitive cyclists after two weeks of intensified training. International Journal of Sports Medicine. Vol. 13. 1992. p. 534-541.

-Jobson, S. A.; Passfield, L.; Atkinson, G.; Barton, G.; Scarf, P. The Analysis and Utilization of Cycling Training Data. Sports Medicine. Num. 39. Vol. 10. 2009. p. 833-844.

-Komi, P. V.; Viitasalo, J. T. Changes in motor unit activity and metabolism in human skeletal muscle during and after repeated eccentric and concentric contractions. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. Vol. 100. Num. 2. 1977. p. 246-254.

-Kuipers, H.; Verstappen, F. T.; Keizer, H. A.; Geurten, P.; van Kranenburg, G. Variability of aerobic performance in the laboratory and its physiologic correlates. International Journal of Sports Medicine. Vol. 6. Num. 4. 1985. p. 197-201.

-Laursen, P. B.; Jenkins, D. G. The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training: optimising training programmes and maximising performance in highly trained endurance athletes. Sports Medicine. Vol. 32. Num. 1. 2002. p. 53-73.

-MacDougall, J. D.; Hicks, A. L.; MacDonald, J. R.; McKelvie, R. S.; Green, H. J.; Smith, K. M. Muscle performance and enzymatic adaptations to sprint interval training. Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 84. Num. 6. 1998. p. 2138-2142.

-Meeusen, R.; Duclos, M.; Gleeson, M.; Rietjens, G.; Steinacker, J.; Urhausenfe, A. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the overtraining syndrome: ECSS Position Statement Task Force. European Journal of Sport Science. Vol. 6. Núm. 1. 2006. p. 1-14.

-Mujika, I. Quantification of Training and Competition Loads in Endurance Sports: Methods and Applications. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. Vol. 5. 2016. p. 1-25.

-Newham, D. J.; McPhail, G.; Mills, K. R.; Edwards, R. H. Ultrastructural changes after concentric and eccentric contractions of human muscle. Journal of the Neurological Sciences. Vol. 61. Num. 1. 1983. p. 109-122.

-Parolin M. L.; Chesley, A.; Matsos, M. P.; Spriet, L. L.; Jones, N. L.; Heigenhauser, G. J. Regulation of skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase and PDH during maximal intermittent exercise. American Journal of Physiology. Vol. 277. Num. 5. 1999. p. E890-900.

-Parra, J.; Cadefau, J. A.; Rodas, G.; Amigó, N.; Cussó, R. The distribution of rest periods affects performance and adaptations of energy metabolism induced by high-intensity training in human muscle. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. Vol. 169. Num. 2. 2000. p. 157-165.

-Paton, C.; Hopkins, W. G. Effects of high-intensity training on performance and physiology of endurance athletes. Sportscience. Vol. 8. 2004. p. 25-40.

-Psilander, N.; Wang, L.; Westergren, J.; Tonkonogi. M.; Sahlin, K. Mitochondrial gene expression in elite cyclists: effects of high-intensity interval exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 110. Num. 3. 2010. p. 597-606.

-Rodas, G.; Ventura, J. L.; Cadefau, J. A.; Cussó, R.; Parra, J. A short training programme for the rapid improvement of both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. European Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 82. Num. 5-6. 2000. p. 480-486.

-Roelands, B.; de Koning, J.;Foster, C.; Hettinga, F.; Meeusen, R. Neurophysiological determinants of theoretical concepts and mechanisms involved in pacing. Sports Medicine. Vol. 43. Num. 5. 2013. p. 301-311.

-Rønnestad, B. R.; Ellefsen, S.; Nygaard, H.; Zacharoff, E. E.; Vikmoen, S.; Hansen, J.; Hallén, J. Effects of 12 weeks of block periodization on performance and performance indices in well‐trained cyclists. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. Vol. 24. Num. 2. 2014. p. 327-335.

-Rønnestad, B. R.; Hansen, J.; Ellefsen, S. Block periodization of high-intensity aerobic intervals provides superior training effects in trained cyclists. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. Vol. 24. Num. 1. 2014. p. 34-42.

-Swart, J.; Lamberts, R. P.; Derman, W.; Lambert, M. I. Effects of high-intensity training by heart rate or power in well-trained cyclists. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. Vol. 23. 2009. p. 619-625.

-Wittekind, A. L.; Micklewright, D.; Beneke, R. Teleoanticipation in all-out short-duration cycling. British Journal of Sports Medicine. Vol. 45. Num. 2. 2011. p. 114-119.

Publicado
2018-04-10
Cómo citar
Borszcz, F. K., & Tramontin, A. F. (2018). Periodización por bloques: efectos sobre la producción de potencia durante los sprints máximos en ciclistas entrenados. Revista Brasileña De Prescripción Y Fisiología Del Ejercicio, 12(72), 46-55. Recuperado a partir de https://www.rbpfex.com.br/index.php/rbpfex/article/view/1336
Sección
Artículos Científicos - Originales