Influência da fadiga muscular no retardo eletromecânico: uma revisão sistemática

Moisés Costa do Couto; Georges Willeneuwe de Sousa Oliveira

Moisés Costa do Couto Universidade Potiguar, campus Mossoró-RN
Georges Willeneuwe de Sousa Oliveira Universidade Potiguar - UnP. Campus Mossoró-RN

Palabras clave: Electromiografia, Músculo esquelético, Acoplamiento excitación-contracción

Resumen

El retraso electromecánico (REM) es la latencia entre el estímulo nervioso y el inicio de la movilización articular, su duración está relacionada con la aparición de lesiones. Aunque está ampliamente estudiado, aún no existen estudios de revisión que confirmen la probable relación entre fatiga muscular y REM. El objetivo de esta revisión es verificar la influencia de la fatiga muscular en el retraso electromecánico durante las contracciones voluntarias en individuos sanos. Para ello se realizaron búsquedas de estudios en las siguientes bases de datos: MEDLINE vía PUBMED, LILACS, CINAHL, SCOPUS y WEB OF SCIENCE, utilizando los descriptores “retraso electromecánico Y fatiga muscular”. Se seleccionaron estudios experimentales que analizaran la influencia de la fatiga muscular en el retraso electromecánico, no hubo restricción en cuanto al sexo o edad de los evaluados, ni en cuanto al músculo evaluado. Los resultados mostraron que la gran mayoría de las muestras estuvo compuesta por jóvenes de ambos sexos hasta los treinta años. La contracción isométrica del músculo cuádriceps fue el principal método utilizado para evaluar la REM debido a la gran predisposición de la articulación de la rodilla a lesionarse. De los diecinueve estudios, quince mostraron un aumento en REM después del protocolo de fatiga muscular. Esto sucede debido a la influencia de la fatiga sobre los mecanismos fisiológicos que provocan el REM, como por ejemplo, la pérdida de tensión en los componentes elásticos en serie y el retraso en el acoplamiento excitación-contracción. En conclusión, se evidencia que la fatiga muscular aumenta la latencia del retraso electromecánico durante las contracciones musculares voluntarias en individuos sanos de ambos sexos.

Biografía del autor/a

Moisés Costa do Couto, Universidade Potiguar, campus Mossoró-RN

Departamento de Fisioterapia.

Georges Willeneuwe de Sousa Oliveira, Universidade Potiguar - UnP. Campus Mossoró-RN

Departamento de Fisioterapia

Citas

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Influencia de la fatiga muscular en el retraso electromecánico: una revisión sistemática

Resumen

Biografía del autor/a

Citas