Pubertà, sistema GH/IGF e allenamento fisico nei giovani atleti: una rassegna narrativa

  • Hugo Tourinho Filho Escola de Educação Física e Esportes de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brasil.
  • Carlos Eduardo Martinelli Junior Departamento de Pediatria e Puericultura, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brasil.
Parole chiave: Pubertá, Sistema GH/IGF, Giovane atleta, Allenamento fisico

Abstract

Lo scopo di questa revisione è descrivere il comportamento del sistema GH/IGF in risposta a stimoli di allenamento fisico acuti e cronici nei giovani atleti. Il sistema GH/IGF comprende una serie di mediatori della crescita, recettori e proteine ​​leganti che regolano la crescita somatica in varie specie. Questa funzione anabolica può essere influenzata dai cambiamenti nelle concentrazioni dei componenti del sistema GH/IGF indotti dai programmi di allenamento fisico. Alcuni studi hanno descritto una riduzione delle concentrazioni sieriche di alcuni componenti del sistema GH/IGF in adolescenti e bambini in risposta a intense sessioni di allenamento, probabilmente a causa dell'aumento dei livelli di citochine. Un'elevata intensità di allenamento porta a uno stato metabolico caratterizzato da un aumento dei marcatori infiammatori (citochine) e dalla soppressione del sistema GH/IGF. Cambiamenti nell'equilibrio anabolico/catabolico e nelle concentrazioni di mediatori dell'infiammazione sono stati segnalati in momenti diversi di una stagione di allenamento in risposta a diversi programmi di allenamento. La combinazione di rapida crescita e sviluppo osservata durante la pubertà, a causa dell'aumento spontaneo di ormoni anabolici come GH, IGF-I e steroidi sessuali, associata a livelli elevati di attività fisica, suggerisce che diversi percorsi/meccanismi possono partecipare all'interazione tra l'esercizio e risposte agenti anabolizzanti/catabolici nei giovani atleti. L'analisi di questi risultati ha il potenziale per aiutare allenatori e atleti a pianificare il proprio allenamento al fine di ottenere prestazioni migliori e indici più sani nella vita dei giovani atleti.

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Pubblicato
2023-04-11
Come citare
Tourinho Filho, H., & Martinelli Junior, C. E. (2023). Pubertà, sistema GH/IGF e allenamento fisico nei giovani atleti: una rassegna narrativa. Giornale Brasiliano Di Prescrizione E Fisiologia dell’esercizio, 17(108), 170-180. Recuperato da https://www.rbpfex.com.br/index.php/rbpfex/article/view/2714
Sezione
Articoli scientifici - Revisione