Sistema immunitario e affaticamento da esercizio: una relazione poco conosciuta
Abstract
La letteratura è scarsa riguardo al ruolo del sistema immunitario nell'instaurarsi dell'affaticamento sia periferico che centrale. Attraverso una revisione della letteratura, diversi aspetti isolati del processo di affaticamento, influenzati dalle cellule immunitarie, sono stati riuniti in un'ipotesi probabile dell'insorgenza di affaticamento periferico e centrale. Pertanto, ci sono indicazioni che le cellule immunitarie circolanti, attratte dalle sostanze rilasciate dal muscolo attivo, si fissino in questo tessuto, rilasciando molecole che promuovono sensazioni di affaticamento periferico o cambiamenti nel processo di contrazione muscolare. Queste stesse sostanze, che agiscono localmente, possono raggiungere il Sistema Nervoso Centrale, con possibile affaticamento centrale. Pertanto, sembra che il sistema immunitario possa, attraverso il rilascio di segnali, innescare una risposta alla fatica rapida ed efficiente.
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